yadda janareta dizal yake aiki

Injin dizal amintattun hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki ne waɗanda ke juyar da makamashin sinadari da aka adana a cikin man diesel zuwa makamashin lantarki. Ana amfani da su sosai a aikace-aikace daban-daban, daga samar da wutar lantarki a lokacin gaggawa zuwa kunna wurare masu nisa inda babu wutar lantarki. Fahimtar yadda janaretan dizal ke aiki ya haɗa da nazarin abubuwan da ke tattare da shi da kuma hanyoyin da ke faruwa a cikin su don samar da wutar lantarki.

Abubuwan asali na Generator Diesel

Tsarin janareta na diesel yawanci ya ƙunshi manyan abubuwa guda biyu: injin (musamman, injin dizal) da mai canzawa (ko janareta). Wadannan sassan suna aiki tare don samar da wutar lantarki.

1. Injin Diesel: Injin diesel shine zuciyar tsarin janareta. Injin konewa ne wanda ke kona man dizal don samar da makamashin injina ta hanyar juyawa. Injin dizal an san su da ɗorewa, ingancin mai, da ƙarancin buƙatun kulawa.

2. Alternator: Mai canzawa yana canza makamashin injin da injin diesel ke samarwa zuwa makamashin lantarki. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar hanyar da ake kira electromagnetic induction, inda filayen maganadisu masu jujjuya su ke haifar da wutar lantarki a cikin wani nau'i na coils da ke raunata a kusa da tsakiyar ƙarfe.

Ƙa'idar Aiki

Ka'idar aiki na janareta dizal za a iya rushe shi zuwa matakai da yawa:

1. Allurar man fetur da konewa: Injin dizal yana aiki akan ƙa'idar matsawa. Ana shigar da iska a cikin silinda na injin ta hanyar bawul ɗin sha kuma an matsa zuwa matsa lamba mai yawa. A kololuwar matsawa, ana allurar man dizal a cikin silinda ƙarƙashin matsin lamba. Zafin da matsa lamba yana haifar da wutar lantarki da sauri, yana fitar da makamashi a cikin nau'i na fadada iskar gas.

2. Motsin Piston: Gas ɗin da ke haɓaka suna tura pistons zuwa ƙasa, suna canza kuzarin konewa zuwa makamashin injina. An haɗa pistons zuwa crankshaft ta hanyar haɗa sanduna, kuma motsin su na ƙasa yana juya crankshaft.

3. Canja wurin Makamashi na Injini: An haɗa crankshaft mai jujjuya zuwa na'ura mai juyi (wanda kuma aka sani da armature). Yayin da crankshaft ke jujjuyawa, yana juya rotor a cikin madaidaicin, yana ƙirƙirar filin maganadisu mai juyawa.

4. Induction Electromagnetic: Filin maganadisu mai jujjuya yana mu'amala tare da tsayayyen coils da aka raunata a kusa da tsakiyar ƙarfe na madadin. Wannan hulɗar tana haifar da alternating current electric current (AC) a cikin coils, wanda sai a kawo shi ga kayan lantarki ko kuma a adana shi a cikin baturi don amfani da shi daga baya.

5. Ka'ida da Sarrafa: Ƙarfin wutar lantarki da mita na janareta ana sarrafa su ta tsarin sarrafawa, wanda zai iya haɗawa da mai sarrafa wutar lantarki ta atomatik (AVR) da gwamna. AVR yana kula da wutar lantarki na fitarwa a matakin da ya dace, yayin da gwamna ke daidaita samar da man fetur zuwa injin don kula da saurin gudu kuma, ta haka, mitar fitarwa akai-akai.

6. Cooling and Exhaust: Injin dizal yana haifar da babban adadin zafi yayin konewa. Tsarin sanyaya, yawanci amfani da ruwa ko iska, yana da mahimmanci don kula da yanayin zafin injin ɗin cikin aminci. Bugu da ƙari, tsarin konewa yana samar da iskar gas, wanda ake fitarwa ta hanyar da ake fitarwa.

Takaitawa

A taƙaice, janaretan dizal yana aiki ta hanyar mai da makamashin sinadari da aka adana a cikin man diesel zuwa makamashin injina ta hanyar konewa a injin dizal. Daga nan sai a jujjuya wannan makamashin injina zuwa na’ura mai canzawa, inda ake juyar da shi zuwa makamashin lantarki ta hanyar shigar da wutar lantarki. An tsara tsarin a hankali kuma ana sarrafa shi don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali da ingantaccen wutar lantarki. Ana amfani da janareta na dizal sosai saboda ƙarfinsu, ingancin man fetur, da ƙarfin aiki daban-daban.